This article is over 5 years old and may contain outdated information.

Wildlife

Resurgence of the sea otter

The sea otter, once hunted for its fur, is making a comeback
  • Nov 30, 2013
  • 325 words
  • 2 minutes
Expand Image
Advertisement

SEA OTTER
Enhydra lutris
SARA status: Special concern
Weight: 33 to 45 kg
Length: 1.4 to 1.5 m
Height: 30 cm at shoulder
Offspring: 1 to 2 per year
Lifespan: 10 to 20 years

Expand Image
Map: Chris Brackley/Canadian Geographic. Data credit: Current range from “Recent Trends in the Abundance and Distribution of Sea Otters (Enhydra Lutris) in British Columbia,” P15, by L.M. Nichol, M.D. Boogaards and R. Abernethy, Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Pacific Biological Station, 2009.

It was the sea otter’s coat that nearly led to its downfall. With every centimetre of skin containing 100,000 or more hairs, they have the thickest fur of any living animal. Those splendid pelts were all-too attractive to 18th- and 19-thcentury fur traders in the central and North Pacific, who by 1911 had reduced the world’s sea otter population from as many as 300,000 to fewer than 2,000. None were left off British Columbia’s coasts by 1929.

Canada was missing its smallest marine animal until 1969, when 89 Alaskan sea otters were relocated to Checleset Bay, off northwest Vancouver Island. Their numbers slowly increased, and their endangered status was downgraded to threatened in 1996, then to special concern in 2007.

While sea otters are on the upswing, the possibility of oil spills near their habitat are a significant concern. Although their thick fur efficiently traps air bubbles and acts as insulation, even a small amount of industrial oil can be lethal, breaking down the natural oils in their fur and causing it to lose its insulating properties.

In the last major study by Fisheries and Oceans Canada, done in 2008, the sea otter population in Canada was estimated at 4,700. Though their numbers are still small, their effect on the ecosystem is great. Sea otters eat sea urchins, which feed on seaweed. With the otters’ recovery, sea urchin numbers decreased and kelp forests grew back, providing a richer food source and habitat for marine life.

Advertisement

Are you passionate about Canadian geography?

You can support Canadian Geographic in 3 ways:

Related Content

Wildlife

The otter, the urchin and the Haida

As the sea otter begins its long-overdue return to Haida Gwaii, careful plans are being laid to welcome them — and to preserve a prosperous shellfish harvest

  • 3015 words
  • 13 minutes
illegal wildlife trade, elephant foot, ivory, biodiversity

Wildlife

The illegal wildlife trade is a biodiversity apocalypse

An estimated annual $175-billion business, the illegal trade in wildlife is the world’s fourth-largest criminal enterprise. It stands to radically alter the animal kingdom.

  • 3405 words
  • 14 minutes
Arctic tern on Machias Seal Island, New Brunswick

Wildlife

Should we kill one bird to save another?

On New Brunswick’s Machias Seal Island, predatory gulls are pushing endangered Arctic tern colonies to the brink, creating a dilemma for wildlife managers

  • 2151 words
  • 9 minutes
An eelgrass meadow, a type of seagrass found in the northern hemisphere including in Boundary Bay, British Columbia shown here at low tide. (Photo: Katie Tjaden-McClement)

Environment

Protecting Canada’s hidden “meadows of the sea”

Collaborative research is uncovering the secrets of coastal seagrass beds to help keep them healthy

  • 1185 words
  • 5 minutes